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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are sulphonamide related drugs and may give rise to associated side effects especially with systemic treatment e.g. blood disorders.
Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are licensed as an adjunct to beta-blocker therapy or used alone in patients unresponsive to beta-blockers or if beta-blockers contra-indicated.
Brinzolamide can also be used as an adjunct to a prostaglandin analogue.
Systemic side effects are less compared to oral / IV acetazolamide.
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Acetazolamide is generally used as parenteral or occasionally oral therapy for acute glaucoma. Side effects include paraesthesia, general malaise / fatigue, dizziness, electrolyte imbalance and depression. Caution is required in patients with a history of renal stones.
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